add a "backup" subcommand to make consistent backups, and a "verifydata" subcommand to verify a backup before restoring, and add tests for future upgrades

the backup command will make consistent snapshots of all the database files. i
had been copying the db files before, and it usually works. but if the file is
modified during the backup, it is inconsistent and is likely to generate errors
when reading (can be at any moment in the future, when reading some db page).
"mox backup" opens the database file and writes out a copy in a transaction.
it also duplicates the message files.

before doing a restore, you could run "mox verifydata" on the to-be-restored
"data" directory. it check the database files, and compares the message files
with the database.

the new "gentestdata" subcommand generates a basic "data" directory, with a
queue and a few accounts. we will use it in the future along with "verifydata"
to test upgrades from old version to the latest version. both when going to the
next version, and when skipping several versions. the script test-upgrades.sh
executes these tests and doesn't do anything at the moment, because no releases
have this subcommand yet.

inspired by a failed upgrade attempt of a pre-release version.

junk/filter.go

@@ -56,6 +56,8 @@ type Params struct {
 	RareWords   int     `sconf:"optional" sconf-doc:"Occurrences in word database until a word is considered rare and its influence in calculating probability reduced. E.g. 1 or 2."`
 }
 
+var DBTypes = []any{wordscore{}} // Stored in DB.
+
 type Filter struct {
 	Params
 
@@ -228,7 +230,7 @@ func newDB(ctx context.Context, log *mlog.Log, path string) (db *bstore.DB, rerr
 		}
 	}()
 
-	db, err := bstore.Open(ctx, path, &bstore.Options{Timeout: 5 * time.Second, Perm: 0660}, wordscore{})
+	db, err := bstore.Open(ctx, path, &bstore.Options{Timeout: 5 * time.Second, Perm: 0660}, DBTypes...)
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, fmt.Errorf("open new database: %w", err)
 	}
@@ -239,7 +241,7 @@ func openDB(ctx context.Context, path string) (*bstore.DB, error) {
 	if _, err := os.Stat(path); err != nil {
 		return nil, fmt.Errorf("stat db file: %w", err)
 	}
-	return bstore.Open(ctx, path, &bstore.Options{Timeout: 5 * time.Second, Perm: 0660}, wordscore{})
+	return bstore.Open(ctx, path, &bstore.Options{Timeout: 5 * time.Second, Perm: 0660}, DBTypes...)
 }
 
 // Save stores modifications, e.g. from training, to the database and bloom
@@ -744,3 +746,8 @@ func (f *Filter) fileSize(p string) int {
 	}
 	return int(fi.Size())
 }
+
+// DB returns the database, for backups.
+func (f *Filter) DB() *bstore.DB {
+	return f.db
+}